I-Ebook: Ukwazisa i-Awk yokuQalisa iSikhokelo sabaQalayo

Njengomphathi wenkqubo ye Linux, amaxesha amaninzi, uya kungena kwiimeko apho kufuneka uqhathe kwaye ulungise kwakhona imveliso evela kwimiyalelo eyahlukeneyo, ukubonisa ngokulula inxalenye yemveliso ngokucoca imigca embalwa. Le nkqubo ingabhekiswa kuyo njengohluzo lokubhaliweyo, usebenzisa ingqokelela yeenkqubo ze Linux ezaziwa ngokuba zizihluzi.

Kukho izinto ezininzi zeLinux zokucoca okubhaliweyo kwaye ezinye zezihluzo ezaziwayo zibandakanya intloko, umsila, igrep, tr, fmt, uhlobo, uniq, pr kunye nezixhobo eziphambili nezinamandla njengeAwk kunye neSed.

Uzibhala njani izikripthi usebenzisa i-Awk Programming Language-Icandelo le-13

Ngalo lonke ixesha ukusuka ekuqaleni kothotho lwe-Awk ukuya kwiNxalenye ye-12, besibhala imiyalelo emincinci ye-Awk kunye neenkqubo kumgca womyalelo nakwizikripthi zeqokobhe ngokulandelelanayo.

Nangona kunjalo, i-Awk, kanye njengoShell, ikwalulwimi olutolikwayo, ke ngoko, ngayo yonke into esihambe ngayo ukusuka ekuqaleni kolu thotho, ngoku ungabhala izikripthi eziphunyezwayo zika-Awk.

Ngokufanayo nendlela esibhala ngayo iskripthi seqokobhe, izikripthi ze-Awk ziqala ngomgca:

Umzekelo kwindlela yam, into eluncedo ye-Awk ibekwe kwi/usr/

Uzisebenzisa njani iiNkcazo zoLawulo lokuHamba kwi-Awk-Icandelo le-12

Xa uphonononga yonke imizekelo ye-Awk esiyigubungeleyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kwasekuqaleni kwemisebenzi yokucoca iteksti esekelwe kwezinye iimeko, kulapho indlela yeengxelo zolawulo lokuhamba iqala khona.

Kukho iziteyitimenti ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lokuqukuqela kwiprogram ye-Awk kwaye ezi ziquka:

1. ukuba-enye ingxelo
2. yengxelo
3. ngelixa ingx
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Uyivumela njani i-Awk ukuba isebenzise iiguquguquko zeShell-Icandelo le-11

Xa sibhala izikripthi zeqokobhe, siqhele ukubandakanya ezinye iinkqubo ezincinci okanye imiyalelo efana nokusebenza kwe-Awk kwizikripthi zethu. Kwimeko ye-Awk, kufuneka sifumane iindlela zokudlulisa amaxabiso athile ukusuka kwiqokobhe ukuya kwimisebenzi ye-Awk.

Oku kunokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iqokobhe eliguquguqukayo ngaphakathi kwemiyalelo ye-Awk, kwaye kweli candelo loluhlu, siza kufunda indlela yokuvumela i-Awk isebenzise iqokobhe eliguquguqukayo elinokuqulatha amaxabiso esifuna ukuwadlulisela kwi-Awk imiyalelo.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini onokuthi uvumele i-Awk ukuba isebenzise

Funda indlela yokusebenzisa ii-Awk ezakhelwe ngaphakathi eziguquguqukayo-Icandelo le-10

Njengoko sityhila icandelo leempawu ze-Awk, kule nxalenye yolu ngcelele, siya kuhamba ngengqikelelo yezinto ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kwi-Awk. Zimbini iindidi zezinto onokuzisebenzisa kwi-Awk, ezi zezi; izinto eziguquguqukayo ezichazwe ngumsebenzisi, esizigubungele kwiCandelo lesi-8 kunye nezinto ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.

Iinguqu ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zinexabiso esele lichaziwe kwi-Awk, kodwa sinokuwaguqul

Funda indlela yokusebenzisa ii-Awk eziguquguqukayo, iiNgcaciso zamanani kunye nabaSebenzi bezabelo-Icandelo lesi-8

Uthotho lomyalelo we-Awk lufumana umdla ndiyakholelwa, kumacandelo asixhenxe adlulileyo, sihambe kwezinye izinto ezisisiseko ze-Awk ekufuneka uyazi kakuhle ukuze wenze isicatshulwa esisisiseko okanye isihluzo sentambo kwiLinux.

Ukuqala ngeli candelo, siya kuntywila kwiindawo zangaphambili ze-Awk ukuphatha okubhaliweyo okuntsokothileyo okanye ukusebenza komtya wokucoca. Ke ngoko, siza kugubungela iifitsha ze-Awk ezifana neziguquguqukayo, amabinzana amanani kunye nabaqhubi bezabelo.

ULifunda njani iNgeniso le-Awk kwi-STDIN kwiLinux-Icandelo lesi-7

Kumacandelo angaphambili oluhlu lwesixhobo se-Awk, sijonge kwigalelo lokufunda ikakhulu kwi(ii)fayile, kodwa kuthekani ukuba ufuna ukufunda igalelo kwi-STDIN.

Kweli candelo lesi-7 lothotho lwe-Awk, siza kujonga imizekelo embalwa apho unokucoca imveliso yeminye imiyalelo endaweni yokufunda igalelo kwifayile.

Siza kuqala ngomyalelo we-ls, kumzekelo wokuqala ongezantsi, sisebenzisa imveliso ye dir -l umyalelo njengegalelo le-Awk ukuprinta igama lomsebenzisi lomnini, igama leqela kunye neefayile anazo ngoku. uvimba weefayili:

Uwusebenzisa njani Umyalelo olandelayo ngeAwk kwiLinux-Icandelo lesi-6

Kule nxalenye yesithandathu yochungechunge lwe-Awk, siya kujonga ukusebenzisa elandelayo umyalelo, oxelela i-Awk ukuba itsibe zonke iipateni ezishiyekileyo kunye neentetho ozinikileyo, kodwa endaweni yoko funda umgca wokufaka olandelayo.

Umyalelo olandelayo uyakunceda ukuba uthintele ukwenza into endiya kubhekisela kuyo njengamanyathelo okuchitha ixesha kuphumezo lomyalelo.

Ukuqonda ukuba isebenza njani, makhe siqwalasele ifayile ebizwa ngokuba yifood_list.txt ekhangeleka ngolu hlobo:

Uzisebenzisa njani iinkcazo eziDibeneyo ngeAwk kwiLinux-Icandelo lesi-5

Ngalo lonke eli xesha, besijonga amabinzana alula xa sijonga ukuba imeko idibene na okanye hayi. Kuthekani ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa ngaphezulu kwentetho enye ukujonga imeko ethile?

Kweli nqaku, siza kujonga indlela onokuthi udibanise ngayo amabinzana amaninzi ekubhekiswa kuwo njengeentetho ezidityanisiweyo ukujonga imeko xa ucofa okubhaliweyo okanye imitya.

Kwi-Awk, iintetho ezidityanisiweyo zakhiwe kusetyenziswa && ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge (kunye) kunye ne || ekubhekiselwa kuyo njenge (okanye) abaqhubi abahlanganisiw

USebenzisa njani abaSebenzi bothelekiso kunye ne-Awk kwiLinux-Icandelo lesi-4

Xa ujongana namaxabiso amanani okanye umtya kumgca wokubhaliweyo, ukuhluza okubhaliweyo okanye imitya usebenzisa abasebenzi bothelekiso kuza luncedo kubasebenzisi bomyalelo we-Awk.

Kule ndawo yoluhlu lwe-Awk, siza kujonga ukuba ungahluza njani okubhaliweyo okanye imitya usebenzisa uthelekiso. Ukuba ungumdwelisi wenkqubo kufuneka sele uqhelene nabaqhubi bothelekiso kodwa abo bangengabo, makhe ndichaze kweli candelo lingezantsi.

Abaqhubi bokuthelekisa kwi-Awk basetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa ixabiso lamanani okanye imitya kwaye baquka oku kulandelayo:

1. > – i
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